So how is it that a $100 bill can purchase more than a $1 coin when, in reality, a bit of metal is more useful than a scrap of paper? The answer is simple and profound. The $100 bill has more purchasing power because we believe it does. Its the same thing with bank credit - we believe that numbers written into a ledger that do not even have the utility of a bill or coin is worth just as much as a bill or coin.
Paper money was originally nothing more than a receipt for gold and silver that you had deposited for safekeeping. Instead of withdrawing the heavy metals and lugging them around, people would exchange receipts, knowing that the receipt would allow them to withdraw the metals when they wanted it. The receipts were not payment itself; they were only a promise of payment that you could collect at your leisure.
Today's paper money is still only a promise of payment - but without the ability to actually collect! Back in the 1930s governments decided to renege on their promises of payment and decreed that the people could not present bills for redemption in gold and silver. By the 1970s, that was also extended to other governments. Paper money, the promise of payment, ceased to be able to fulfill its promise - yet we continue to exchange these receipts. We do so because we need to use something as a means of exchange and bits of paper are far more convenient than dragging four goats down to the computer store to buy a printer.
So what backs paper money today? Government. Government issues bills and says they are worth something. They also decree that taxes can only be paid by government sanctioned money and, since we all have to pay taxes, we all have to have the money government sanctions. You've probably heard the phrase "Backed by the full faith and credit of the people of
". That’s all there is too it. We accept these promises of payment and, as long as we don't think too hard on the fact that we cannot collect payment, the world doesn't end.
Another way to look at bills is that they are bonds. A bond is simply a promise of payment. When you buy a Canada Savings Bond, the bond itself is nothing more than a promise of payment - a $1000 bond it exactly the same thing as a $1000 bill with just one exception: the bond requires that the government pay extra when you exchange the promise of payment for more promises of payment.
So a bill and a bond are identical with the exception of interest. A bond is a bill and a bill is a bond. If you had a $20,000 Canada Savings Bond and offered to give those in exchange for a $20,000 car instead off bills, do you think the dealer would turn you down? Of course not – the bond is actually worth more than $20,000 because of interest. If you owed $20,000 in taxes and offered the government $20,000 in Canada Savings Bonds, would the government turn that down? No. So Bonds and bills and bills are bonds - but bonds require the government to pay over time where bills do not. Bills are "fire and forget" while bonds come back to haunt them. The only other difference between bills and bonds are that we just don't think of bonds as bills so we don't use them in the same way.
So now that you realize the money in your wallet is really just bits of paper that represent nothing except a decree of government, you're prepared to see why governments borrowing money from banks is a fraud.
When government borrows money from a bank, it prints a bond - a promise of payment - and exchanges it for credit created by a bank out of nothing. Or put another way, government exchanges a promise of payment that is backed by the full faith and credit of the people of for a promise of payment backed by absolutely nothing - then pays twice the value, or more, of the bond over time for the privilege. Or put in a more precise way - government prints money and exchanges it for credit created by a bank and agrees to pay the bank more than twice as much again for the privilege of using their credit.
Thomas Edison, while he was campaigning against government borrowing huge sums of money to build the Muscle Shoals Dam, said:
"But here is the point: If our nation can issue a dollar bond, it can issue a dollar bill. The element that makes the bond good makes the bill good. The difference between the bond and the bill is that the bond lets the money brokers collect twice the amount of the bond and an additional 20 per cent, whereas the currency pays nobody but those who directly contribute to Muscle Shoals in some useful way.
" ... if the Government issues currency, it provides itself with enough money to increase the national wealth at Muscles Shoals without disturbing the business of the rest of the country. And in doing this it increases its income without adding a penny to its debt.
"It is absurd to say that our country can issue $30,000,000 in bonds and not $30,000,000 in currency. Both are promises to pay; but one promise fattens the usurer, and the other helps the people. If the currency issued by the Government were no good, then the bonds issued would be no good either. It is a terrible situation when the Government, to increase the national wealth, must go into debt and submit to ruinous interest charges at the hands of men who control the fictitious values of gold.
"Look at it another way. If the Government issues bonds, the brokers will sell them. The bonds will be negotiable; they will be considered as gilt edged paper. Why? Because the government is behind them, but who is behind the Government? The people. Therefore it is the people who constitute the basis of Government credit. Why then cannot the people have the benefit of their own gilt-edged credit by receiving non-interest bearing currency on Muscle Shoals, instead of the bankers receiving the benefit of the people's credit in interest-bearing bonds?"
No doubt many readers will be thinking "But government printing money will cause inflation!" This is another less than half-truth, another fraud.
Say the Canadian Government printed $1 billion in new bills and used the new money to fund projects across the country. The money supply would immediately be inflated by $1 billion dollars. As this money worked its way through the economy, quite a bit of it would find its way into bank deposits. Not all money in the economy is deposited in banks. Much of it is in non-banking financial institutions (Insurance, stocks and bonds, old socks under the bead) and therefore not available for banks to use to create credit. If half the money ($500 million) ended up in banks that would let banks inflate the money supply with an additional $10 billion in credit. So yes, strictly speaking, it is inflationary for government to print money - but most of the inflation is from banking, not from the money issued by government.
The official story is that if government borrows from banks, it is not inflationary. We already know that borrowing from banks is the primary cause of inflation, but when government does it, it causes even more inflation than simply printing money would.
When you (personally) borrow money from a bank you are required to sign a lot of papers. One of those papers is a promise to pay, a promissory note or, in other words, a bond. This bond is considered an asset of the bank as it represents future income. This bond is not considered capital as it cannot be spent the way bills can and therefore the bank cannot create more credit using your bond as backing.
When government borrows from a bank it does the same thing as you, it also gives the bank a bond. The difference between the two is that the government bond is considered capital - actual money. The bond is actually a deposit which the bank is then allowed to use to create 20 times its value in credit. So if government issues $1 billion in bills, a portion of that money will find its way to banks and be used to inflation the money supply. If government issues a bond and borrows from a bank, every single penny of the issue is available to the bank to inflate the money supply. A $1 billion bond becomes $20 billion in credit.
So yes, printing money is inflationary but, borrowing money is even WORSE!
http://politicsofmoney.net/bonddebt.htm
[Editor's note - good website! Lots of good information!
Entire article reprinted with author's permission (below) Dr C]
[Proofreader's note: this article was edited for spelling and typos on August 17, 2006]
Note: http://politicsofmoney....
It was illuminating to watch a recent question period on CPAC. Somebody in the opposition asked the minister of finance what he was planning to do about the interest rate with regards to inflation. He simply responded, 'Well, the Bank of Canada tells me what the interest rate should be, and I listen to them'.
So it is the Bank of Canada who really runs this country.
And the cancellation of provincial transfer payments? This was dictated to the Canadian government by the World Monetary Fund, after Canada fell behind on interest payments on the massive loans they had wracked up with them. The WMF told them to implement the GST (ie, just tax your frikken peons more) and cancel or severely reduce the transfer payments.
So really, if you think of your government as the worse credit card spending freak imaginable, constantly hounded by the collections department and stealing from Paul to pay Peter, your not far off. They make most ordinary citizens look like ultra-conservative financially responsible experts.
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“The war is not meant to be won, it is meant to be continuous, the essential act of warfare is the destruction of the produce of human labour”
You can just use the whole article, I wrote it and submitted it, so no copyright infringement.
I once worked with a former Royal Bank manager, who told me to my surprise that the banks were legally allowed to loan out a certain percentage of money that they did not even have (something like 20% or so, but I'm not sure anymore).
Can anyone confirm what the percentage is?
Imagine having the power to manufacture your own money and charge interest on it!
This morning on CBC radio, they were talking about illegal loan sharks praying of gambling addicts - but at least they are loaning out money they have!
You deposit $100, and the bank could loan out $75, and have $175 suddenly.
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"I think it's important to always carry enough technology to restart civilization, should it be necessary." Mark Tilden
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"I think it's important to always carry enough technology to restart civilization, should it be necessary." Mark Tilden
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You're referring to reserve requirements (also called re-deposit rate). It used to be that when someone made a deposit the bank would have to re-deposit a portion of that money with the Bank of Canada. This "reserve" money was not available to the bank as capital and thus could not be used to create credit.<br />
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The percentage used can be confusing at times. a 100% redeposite rate does not mean the entire deposit has to be re-deposited, it means that the re-deposit must be the same amount that the bank itself keeps. So a 100% reserve requirement means that a $100 deposit requires $50 go to the central bank and $50 is kept by the retail bank.<br />
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In the great depression era we learned just what happens when you let banks have free reign with credit creation so we imposed reserve requirements among other things (interst limit of 6%, no mortgages, no broker's loans etc). During WWII the reserve requirement was very high - this was so that government could print large amounts of money without banks multiplying that to extraordinary inflation levels. I believe it was even at 50% for some time, meaning a 100 dollar deposit could create only 100 dollars in loans.<br />
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After WWII that settled down to 25% on both notice (savings) and demand (chequing) deposits and along with the other banking restrictions, banks were kept well under control and government was still able to print a large portion of the new money required to keep prices stable.<br />
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Over time the reserve requirements were slowly reduced and in 1967 were dropped to 12% on demand deposits and 4% on notice deposits. At the same time, the ban on banks giving housing loans was lifted along with the maximum interest rate being increased tenfold to 60% from 6%. Together, these changes gave banks almost complete control over the money supply and the mega-inflation of the 1970s was the result. The total money supply, which was approximately 27.5 billion dollars in 1967, jumped to 547 billion dollars in 1992. Meanwhile, bills and coins (government created money), which made up more than 50% of the supply in 1967, only increased to 32 billion by 1992.<br />
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This massive inflation of the money supply under those reserve requirements was only possible because of government borrowing (or rather, giving money to banks and paying interest for the priviledge). The bills and coins (monetary base) in existence were not sufficient to create such huge amounts of credit. That is why government borrowed 32 billion dollars in the mid 70s then kept borrowing to pay the interest all the way through to the 1990s - to give banks bonds from which to create more money.<br />
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1992 was a watershed though. Government was under too much pressure to get its debt under control. Banks were maxxed out on the reserve requirement side - they had created as much credit is they could and had no more room. This was an intolerable situation for banks and it threw the economy into a depression as the money supply increase slowed dramatically while prices kept going up.<br />
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Brian Mulroney's answer to the problem was to eliminate reserve requirements altogether. There is NO statutory limit on how much credit a bank can create in either the Bank act or the Bank of Canada Act. From a 1 cent deposit a bank is actually allowed to create an infinite amount of credit.<br />
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Today, rather than reserve requirements, banks use interest rates to control the creation of credit and the central banker's central bank, the Bank for International Settlements, has decreed that a bank cannot create credit in amounts exceeding 20 times its capital holdings. As of 2005 five (the last time I pulled the data from Statistics Canada) the ratio of credit to capital was 17/1 - banks were getting close to the BIS decreed limits. No wonder then, that just recently the BIS has been talking about changing the limits to 40 times capital holdings - in fact, that may have already been adopted.<br />
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Check my website for more information.<br />
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<a href="http://politicsofmoney.net">http://politicsofmoney.net</a>
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"Unthinking respect for authority is the greatest enemy of truth."
(Albert Einstein)
<br />
I have the same problem. Some of us are intelligent enough to dare take the RED pill. Most are quite happy to munch away on the BLUE pill the rest of their lives...<br />
<br />
<a href="http://www.naturalperson.com/New%20Website/5%20Advance/Advance%201%20Final.htm">http://www.naturalperson.com/New%20Website/5%20Advance/Advance%201%20Final.htm</a><p>---<br>“The war is not meant to be won, it is meant to be continuous, the essential act of warfare is the destruction of the produce of human labour”
A lot of what they base their case on is to be found in the Universal Commercial Code(s) particularly the following as it pertains to unconstitutional law.
“Remedy and Recourse
Every system of civilized law must have two characteristics: Remedy and Recourse. Remedy is a way to get out from under the law. The Recourse provides that if you have been damaged under the law, you can recover your loss. The Common Law, the Law of Merchants, and even the Uniform Commercial Code all have remedy and recourse, but for a long time we could not find it. If you go to a law library and ask to see the Uniform Commercial Code they will show you a tremendous shelf completely filled with the Uniform Commercial Code. When you pick up one volume and start to read it, it will seem to have been intentionally written to be confusing. It took us a long time to discover where the Remedy and Recourse are found in the U.C.C. They are found right in the first volume, at 1-207 and 1-103.?
That these people, the Paradigm Group, have done their homework should not be in dispute and yet even though they have the law and those who benefit from its creation will, as already noted, will raise the Bar (pun intended)
I have, as an acquaintance, a person who has information even the Paradigm Group does not possess and if I can ever get to his house with a tape machine he is willing to share it with me.
Remedy
"The making of a valid Reservation of Rights preserves whatever rights the person then possesses, and prevents the loss of such rights by application of concepts of waiver or estoppel." (UCC 1-207.7)”
UCC 1-207 goes on to say...
"When a waivable right or claim is involved, the failure to make a reservation thereof, causes a loss of the right, and bars its assertion at a later date." (UCC 1-207.9)
You have to make your claim known early. Further, it says:
"The Sufficiency of the Reservation: any expression indicating an intention to reserve rights is sufficient, such as "without prejudice". (UCC 1-207.4)
Without Prejudice UCC 1.207
When you use "without prejudice UCC 1-207" in connection with your signature, you are saying, "I reserve my right not to be compelled to perform under any contract or commercial agreement that I did not enter knowingly, voluntarily and intentionally. I do not accept the liability of the compelled benefit of any unrevealed contract or commercial agreement."
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We have met the enemy and he is us
Pogo
A mind is a fire to be kindled, not a vessel to be filled.
Plutarch